Background of the study

Financial service delivery is progressively merging with developing technologies in Nigeria, resulting in the already well-known 'financial technology.' Fintech was not a thing a few years ago, or rather, there was a significant gap between the supply of financial services and technological advancements. However, things are done differently in the financial market nowadays, and practically every entrepreneur is talking about Fintech....

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The need for supervision and control of commercial banks activities is to ensure that they adhere to the stipulated monetary policies, rules and regulations as well. The last three decades has seen industrialized countries around the world face multitude of shocks, which led to the inflationary experience of many countries during the 1970s, to the exchange rate crises during the early 1990s (Yamin, 2004). The monetary experie...

Background of the study

Many millions, if not billion of people will be able to use a range of convenient, accessible, and dependable financial instruments for the first time in the not-too-distant future, regardless of their proximity to traditional financial institutions. According to Global Findex database (2017), nearly 1.7 billion individuals remain unbanked without an account at a financial institution or through a mobile money...

Background Of The Study

Nigeria's financial landscape has never been static. New services and products are offered on a regular basis, changing the way Nigerians engage with financial institutions and the Nigerian monetary and payment system (Adelman 2015). Prior to the introduction of electronic devices in the delivery of banking services in Nigeria, banking operations were and continue to be plagued by ineptitude, time-consuming bureaucracy, b...

Background to the study

With the global use of progressively more sophisticated internet and information technology (Papazoglou, 2003), electronic banking is developing as a key channel for banking businesses (Wei et al., 2012). Globally, remote banking is regarded as a characteristic of the new economy, which involves electronic transactions between banks and their customers (Banstola, 2007). Electronic banking, generally referred to as e- banking,...

Background of the study 

The promotion of cashless policies has become a driving factor for global economies to investigate currency digitalization as it fast tracks online transactions. Various uses of e-transaction, including as e-banking, e-ordering, and online publishing/online retailing, are constantly influencing trends and possibilities for business over the Internet. A more developed and mature electronic environme...

Background of the study

Banks are a vital part of every economy. It is the driving force behind society and economic progress. The importance of banking services to any economy's growth and development cannot be overstated. Prior to the introduction of electronic devices in the delivery of financial services in Nigeria, incompetence, time-consuming bureaucracy, bottlenecks, lengthy lines, crowds, and other public complaints plagued banking opera...

Background of the study

A bank is a financial organization that collects deposits and puts those deposits into lending activities, either directly or through capital markets (Uremadu, S. 2012). Customers with capital shortages are linked to customers with capital surpluses by a bank holding funds in trust for them. Because of their critical position in the financial system and the economy as a whole, banks are extensively regulated. The majority of...

Background of the study

The notion of electronic banking was born as a result of technological improvement in the banking system. Customers no longer need to visit a physical financial institution to complete a transaction; instead, they can do it from the comfort of their own home using internet and mobile technologies. E-banking is a contemporary, completely automated service that delivers traditional banking products to consumers using informatio...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Having chosen this topic to write on, my objectives is to find out the roles played by our financial institutions in our present economic situation whether they being followed in this time of economic recession their effects on the economy and the extents to which they have gone in helping to revamp  the economy. Financial institutions.

The historical background or theses financial institution are made up of banking and non-ba...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Having chosen this topic to write on, my objectives is to find out the roles played by our financial institutions in our present economic situation whether they being followed in this time of economic recession their effects on the economy and the extents to which they have gone in helping to revamp  the economy. Financial institutions.

The historical background or theses financial institution are made up of banking and non-ba...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

FEDERAL MORTGAGE BANK OF NIGERIA (FMB)

Housing is one of the Importance factors that determine Urban forms and constitutes the single most serious problem facing large cities in Nigeria today.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the need to finance housing in Nigeria remained so small mainly because of low urbanization level.  The byoyancy of the Nigeria economy in the 1970s and...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The need for supervision and control of commercial banks activities is to ensure that they adhere to the stipulated monetary policies, rules and regulations as well. The last three decades has seen industrialized countries around the world face multitude of shocks, which led to the inflationary experience of many countries during the 1970s, to the exchange rate crises during the early 1990s (Yamin, 2004). The monetary experie...

ABSTRACT:- The study examined the impact of service quality on customer retention in the Nigerian banking sector. Staff of selected branches of First Bank Plc. in Aba-Owerri Road, Aba, Abia State served as the sample population. The study adopted the survey research design using primary source of data with questionnaire as instrument of data collection. A total of 100 copies of questionnaire were administered, out of which 82 questionnaires were dul...

Background to the Study

The development of the various sectors of any economy is the basis for its survival, different measures have been   put in place by the Federal Government of Nigeria in order to achieve this objective, such as, the establishment of  the Finance and Research Institution in 2001, provision of direct financial assistance to small business  organization, the Small and Medium Industries  Equity Investment Scheme  (SMIEIS)...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Housing is one of the Importance factors that determine Urban forms and constitutes the single most serious problem facing large cities in Nigeria today.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the need to finance housing in Nigeria remained so small mainly because of low urbanization level.  The byoyancy of the Nigeria economy in the 1970s and the uneven spatial distribution of industrial development accelerated the rate of u...

EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY

Micro, small, and medium firms, which are typically risk-appraised by lenders as the "lower end" of the credit market, sometimes experience discrimination from formal credit providers, resulting in strict credit restriction and hefty risk-premium charges, if they are able to acquire credit at all. The restrictive situation stems from their inability to back up lending offers with traditional preferred securities such as mortgages, la...

EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY

Contemporary banks increasingly realize that customer orientation is a very important factor for their success in increasing their business performance in respect of customer treatment, customer focused bank structure and supporting customer with bank technology. Customer orientation focused on a strategy that can help them build strong relationships with their customers and increase their profits through the right management system and the application of cust...

EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY

Bank customers in Nigeria have a collective sign-of- relief when the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) was introduced as an instrument to aid banking operations in 2006. The introduction of the ATM by financial institutions changed the face of banking in Nigeria but with some inherent challenges.

According to Edwin (2009) in his paper, Automated Teller Machine and Electronic Payment System in Nigeria, “ATM played a key role in any retail banks&rsq...

EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY

Goldberg describes information technology as a series of machines that can execute sequence of instructions. The sequence of instructions is a programmed made particularly flexible and not rigid and can be changed depending on the information being processed. Information technology can be defined as modern handling information via electronic means, which involves its access, storage, processing, transportation or...

EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY

The idea of creating Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) is to provide an easy accessibility of SMEs to finance/ fund particularly those which cannot access formal bank loans. Microfinance banks serve as a means to empower the poor and provide valuable tool to assist the economic development process. Kolawole (2013) is of opinion that the promotion of micro enterprises in developing countries is justified because of their abilities to foster eco...

ABSTRACT

The research work titled an assessment of public relations strategies in the Nigerian financial institution which focused on UBA bank Gboko is aimed at evaluating the duty of public relations in the banking sector which the researcher employed some research method in explaining the method which the research is been carried out. Public Relations is the art and social science of analyzing trends, predicting their organizational consequen...

ABSTRACT

In Nigeria, the banking sector is an important part of the financial system, the banking sector dominate the Nigeria financial system as it accounts for about 90% of the total assets in the system. This study is carried out to examine credit management in the banking industry and economic growth in Nigeria. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Chi-square were applied to validate the result spanning across 2000-2013. The study relies on pu...

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Nigerian banking sector continues to be a vital part of the economy. Even since the inception of the nation’s first bank in the 19th century, banks have recorded tremendous growth. In spite of the hardship in the economy, people still rush to work in banks compared to other sectors with the belief of finding greener pastures there. With such negative motives as making money fast in minds, some people go to banks and when they can’t ma...

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to examine budgetary control as an effective tool for planning and control in the banking industry using guarantee trust bank (GTB) as a case study. Specifically, the study determines whether budgets are set and pursued in banking industries. The study also, investigate the management control practice in terms of budgets being tool for management control. The study further,  identify the reason...

ABSTRACT

In this research work titled “Business combinations and financial performance of banks in Nigeria banking industry” the researcher examined the relationship between total asset of Nigerian banks on the return on asset of the bank. The relationship between volume of shares of banks on the return on asset of the banks. The association between earning per share and return on asset of Nigerian banks. And also the relationship betwee...

ABSTRACT

In this study, our focus was on the extent of liability of banks for e-banking fraud, Enugu State as case study. The study is was specifically focused on examining the e-banking fraud risks that are of high concern in the Nigerian banking sector; investigating the perceived factors that have considerable influence on the increase in e-banking fraud in Nigeria; examining the current significant mechanisms for e-banking fraud prevention in th...

ABSTRACT

This work “Evaluating the impact of Bank Distress on the profit growth of Deposit Money Banks. The causes of bank distress in Nigeria and the possible prevention strategies or failure resolution options of bank distress. The review of related literature was done to give an in depth knowledge of the topic to the researchers. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used by the researchers.  Simple statistical tools like chi...

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to examine covid-19 safety compliance level in the banking sectors using First bank plc and Access bank plc in Asaba, Delta state as a case study. Specifically, the study was aimed at assessing the different established covid-19 safety prevention measures; investigate the various covid-19 safety measures banking sectors adhere to; and determine the level of covid-19 safety compliance in banking sect...

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY

The cheque clearing system is the means whereby bank exchange cheque drawn each others through clearing system. Clearing system on the other hand is the medium through which proceeds of cheques and other payment instrument are transferred from the paying bank to collecting bank.

The Nigerian automated clearing system (NACS) which book-off on October 21, 2002 as a result of the time function that affects cle...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A pandemic is a disease outbreak that spreads across countries or continents. It affects more people and takes more lives than an epidemic, which according to the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 to be a pandemic when it became clear that the illness was severe and that it was spreading quickly over a wide area.

The shocking and sudden outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) in late 2019 and...

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The COVID-19 outbreak is a global pandemic. It originated in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan, and has rapidly impacted to a greater extent in most parts of the world (James 2020). COVID-19 has affected and continues to affect all global areas and regions due to its highly infectious nature (Ayomide 2020).

COVID-19 popularly known as Coronaviruses (CoV-19) are a large family of viruses that causes health abnor...

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of workforce diversity on employee performance. The survey research design method was adopted for the paper. The instrument used to gather relevant data for the study was the questionnaire. The study centred on the Nigerian Banking Sector to examine the level of diversity practiced in terms of gender, age, ethnicity and educational in Nigerian Organizations. First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Ota,...

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to examine the “Effectiveness Of Human Relations In The Banking Industry” using Guaranty Trust Bank Plc Kaduna, as a case study. Specifically, the study was aimed at finding out how human relations has improved the level of standard of performance, find out how human relations has assisted in achieving effectiveness in management, discover, the effect of supervision and or group performance of man...

ABSTRACT

This research work examined the “Effect of Bank distress on the saving habit of the rural dwellers”  it investigated the causes and characteristic of bank distress in the Nigerian economy. Many related literature were reviewed as the researchers collected data for this work. In remote communities where banking habit was poorly developed the exercise of changing bank notes in 1984 forced people to travel scores of mills...

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out on the effect of corona virus (covid-19) on the Nigeria bank sector. The Covid-19 pandemic has generated shocks that have caused economic fluctuations globally, calling for an understanding of the behaviour of macroeconomic variables. This study presents an early review of the macroeconomic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria. The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participa...

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out on the  effect of covid-19 on banking system in Nigeria using access bank Yaba branch Lagos state as case study. To achieve this 4 research questions were formulated.  The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of the entire Staff of Access bank Yaba branch Lagos state. In determining the sample size, the researcher pu...

Background of the study

Globally, majority of nations populace reside in rural locale. As stated in United Nations (2022) report, the world population is currently estimated to be over 7.3 billion of which about 56 percent resides in rural areas struck with poverty and low standard of living. At the beginning of this millennium, poverty was estimated to affect 1.5billion people in the world. (UNDP, 2008). intriguingly, Afric...

Background to the Study

The banking system is a very strong element of the entire edifice of the nation. A bank is simply an institution that provides the minimum banking services and which is licensed by the federal government as a banking institution. Such minimum banking services includes;

(a) Acceptance of deposit from the general public

(b) Making payments to the depositors on demand to the extent of the money available in t...

Background Of The Study

Despite the vital role communication plays in the day-to-day running of an organization there are still numerous cases of ineffective communication in many organization.

The causes of communication problems in the organization could be attributed to the following factors of variables. When the management of an organisation are friendly and have a good working report, communication tends to be effective but as s...

 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Credit is one of the many factors that can be used by a firm to influence demand for its products. According to Horne & Wachowicz (1998), firms can only benefit from credit if the profitability generated from increased sales exceeds the added costs of receivables. Myers & Brealey (2003) define credit as a process whereby possession of goods or services is allowed without spot payment upon a contractual agreement...

Background to the Study

According to Swanson (2008), it is as important for corporations to know that their corporate structure and strategic decisions affect audit fees as it is for the auditor to adequately understand and evaluate the liability risk associated with that audit engagement. Auditors accept engagements to perform services and issue an opinion on the representations of the financial statements. There is, however, a great deal of risk a...

Background of the study

In a development economy, where it is believed that adequate financial resources are a pre-requisite for industrial transformation, the importance of capital as a necessary though not sufficient condition for economic growth is recognized. However, this does not negate the fact that capital is a necessary condition for economic growth. Experiences in various nations, most notably Japan, India, and Germany, have proven that banks, if properly...

Background of the study

In a banking environment that is becoming increasingly competitive, which is characterized by frequent changes in the regulatory environment, high cost of operations, dim misting spreads on profit from business as a result of sharp practices and the restriction imposed by unstable political and economic climates, dim misting spreads on profit from business as a result of sharp practices and the restriction imposed by unstable political and ec...

Background of the Study

Automated Teller Machines, sometimes known as ATMs, are machines that allow clients of banks to do financial transactions. Typically, a user will insert a specific plastic card that is encoded with information on a magnetic strip into the ATM. This card may be used to withdraw cash. The strip has an identifying code on it, and that code is modem-sent to the main computer at the bank. A personal identification number, commonly known as a PIN,...

Background to the study

ACHIEVEMENT in the banking industry is influenced by a variety of external variables. Within the scope of this study, profitability will serve as the ACHIEVEMENT indicator for financial institutions. The regulatory framework within which banks operate is the primary element that has a direct influence on profitability. This structure may be broken down into two major categories, which are the monetary policies and the banking...

Background Of The Study

Before the emergence of modern banking system, banking operation was manually done which lead to a slowdown in settlement of transactions. This manual system involves posting transactions from one ledger to another which human handles. Figures or counting of money which should be done through computers or electronic machine were computed and counted manually which were not 100% accurate thereby resulting to human errors. Most...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Taxation is not a novel concept either in Nigeria or anywhere else in the globe. Taxation was practised in Nigeria long before the arrival of colonial men or the British. In fact, it predates both of these groups. The process through which the government imposes a mandatory charge on all of the income, commodities, services, and assets of people, partnerships, trusts, executorships, and businesses may be referred to as taxati...

ants to find out the problem and prospect of financing Health care delivery in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the right atmosphere must be provided, co-ordinated and directed for effective result. The objective of health care is the attainment of good health to all sundry and effective medical attention to the people. The extent by which this is implemented is very vital to this study that is where finance comes in. The researcher used two distinct types of data collection instruments on...

Background of the Study

The utilisation of computers in the preparation of various sorts of accounts, the processing of client statements of accounts, money transfers, and cash dispensing versions have all contributed to the influence that microfinance banks have had on the urban environment of Nsukka. Transactions in banking that were formerly carried out manually, before the introduction of computers into the financial sector, are now routinely ca...

​​​​​​​Background of the Study

Automated Teller Machines, sometimes known as ATMs, are machines that allow clients of banks to do financial transactions. Typically, a user will insert a specific plastic card that is encoded with information on a magnetic strip into the ATM. This card may be used to withdraw cash. The strip has an identifying code on it, and that code is modem-sent to the main computer at the bank (Adams, 2021). The user is required to enter a person...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

CBN is solely responsible for regulating the operations of financial firms and actively encourages the growth of financial institutions that are either specialized or connected to development. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) functions as the primary regulatory body for the financial market. Self-regulation, also known as user regulation, is practiced by the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), which is an entity. The c...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Banking in Nigeria has seen remarkable changes in the last decade, and the business has developed much above hopeful forecasts. Over time, the number of banks rose, as did the diversity of banks. According to Ironsi (2018), banking operations were significantly deregulated, competition intensified, and banks were compelled to be more inventive and service oriented. Nigerian Agricultural, Cooperative, and Rural Development Ban...

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

It was once thought that a country's economy is centred on its banking sector. The banking industry plays a critical role in every country's economic growth. The banking sector's primary and most essential function is financial intermediation, in which banks operate as financial intermediaries, mobilizing cash from surplus units and making them accessible for use by the economy's deficit units. According to banks have duties...

​​​​​​​Background of the study

Landed property is frequently a significant percentage of a company's assets that are eligible as collateral security for corporate loans. Real estate values are critical for financial institutions, particularly banks, for two reasons, according to Babawale (2016). For starters, values are typically necessary during the underwriting or renegotiating of mortgage loan advances, and valuations should provide an accept...

Background Of The Study

The activity that is referred to as "banking" refers to the procedure by which individuals who need money for immediate and justifiable reasons are able to borrow such money in a timely manner. To put it another way, banking may be seen as the act of mediating between units of spending that are in deficit and units of spending that are in surplus. A financial institution that has been granted permission to act as an...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

On the convergence curve of information and communication technology, the world's financial institutions and telecommunication firms are about to enter a new cycle. A novel and potential application of the e-payment system for the next generation is the point of sale (POS) terminal. Monetary authorities in every system have been keeping a close eye on the function and relevance of efficient payment systems and have been w...

Background to the study

Small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) are viewed as tools for alleviating poverty in Nigeria and enhancing the country's economy.

Economic development is a long-term process in which an economy's actual national income grows. Economic development also refers to poor nations achieving higher levels of real per capita income and better living circumstances for their citizens. For affluent nations, mai...

Background to the Study

Inventory is a stock pile of products that a company offers for sale in various components that make up the product, such as raw material stock, goods in process, finished goods in stores, and spares (Helen, 2016).

Inventory Management is defined by Stevenson (2020) as a framework used by businesses to control their inventory interest. According to Mohammad (2018), when determining a firm's inventory level, a ma...

​​​​​​​BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the world today, business is the most essential word used by all. It enable leaving every good business today tries to satisfy it customers in order to achieve its specific goals. This objective cannot be achieved without essential human and material resources tools needed to achieve this objective (Adler 2016). The efficiency of job performance of this human resources (manpower) cannot be over emphasized. Seve...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The United States of America was the country that started the trend of electronic payment many years ago. Since then, it has spread to other industrialized countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Sweden, and Canada, amongst others. It is now essential for many African countries, including Nigeria, to participate in this system of electronic payments while simultaneously decreasing their reliance on cash...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The word "audit" originates from the Latin word "audire," which literally translates to "to hear in the holding days." The practice of conducting an audit can be traced all the way back to ancient times, when landowners would work their land out to tenant farmers so that they wouldn't have to get involved in the day-to-day operations of farming. At that time, audits were used to ensure that t...

ABSTRACT

This study examines the application of public relations strategy in banking sector. Specifically, the study examines the extent to which the public relation department of UBABANK has been able to influence the opinion and altitude of the customers potential its products, examines whether the UBANK has a poor public relation image, determines to know how the public relation programme of UBABANK is able to win public (customers...

ABSTRACT

Is a condition when the Banking system as a whole has negative capital and current profit are insufficient to cover losses to such an extent, that the banking system is unable to generate internally positive capital.

However, Banking distress has been a talk of the town, and it has became so rampant that even the customers to banks are after and so conscious of bank distress, which may or may not occur.  Bank distress has bee...

ABSTRACT

Appraisal of fraud control techniques in Nigeria commercial banks (a case study of first bank Nigeria plc) is principally the basis of this research work conducted to showcase the level of efficiency and inefficiency in Nigeria commercial bank. In doing this work, the efficient and effective control techniques in Nigeria commercial bank (first bank) should not be over looked. This is because; management role is very significant to the well being of function...

Abstract

The study examines the effect of deregulation of banking system on profitability of bank using (UBA) as a case study. In this study, prior literature as it relates to the subject matter were reviewed. Data was collected through administering of constructed questions. A number of persons were selected to represent the sample size of the study. Data were analyzed using the simple percentage method and the test of hypothesis was done using the chi-square stati...

ABSTRACT

This research work tried to investigate the Information Technology and Corporate Performance in Banking Industry. One important question, which often confronts an ideal organization, is how to impact Information Technology control system, deal with and lead people in achieving organizational goals, aims and objectives. Therefore, the ability to use Information Technology and Corporate Performance and lend is vital to managerial success. It...

ABSTRACT

This research examined the effect of Monetary Policy on the financial performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. Specifically, the study establishes the effect of Central Bank Rate (CBR) on the financial performance of Deposit Money Banks, it also establish the effect of Reserve Ratio Requirement on the financial performance of Deposit Money&...

Abstract

Several investment decisions are made by organizations and firms without due analyses and end up causing such organizations or firms investment not to return its due benefits or rewards to the investor(s). To this end, the study is on the impact of financial constraints on firms investment decision making in Nigeria was carried out. Data were collected from one hundred and fifty (150) respondents being our sampling size to whom questionnair...

ABSTRACT

The main focus of this study is to examine  impact of e-banking on customers’ satisfaction using Access bank Plc Jos, Plateau State as case study. The study also identified the various types of electronic banking, established ...